Pakistan is a paradigm example of a failed state that has undergone an extremely dangerous form of radical Islamisation.
Fall of Chittorgarh
Mewar was the Rajput kingdom which did not ally with Akbar. In fact, it
offended him by giving shelter to Baz Bahadur of Malwa. However Akbar did not
keep quiet. Taking advantage of the death of the king Rana Sanga and the
weakness of his son Udai Singh, Akbar besieged the fort of Chittor in October,
1567. Udai Singh fled to the hills leaving his kingdom. But the noble followers
of Rana Sanga especially Jaimall and Patta fought continuously for four months
till Jaimall was shot dead by Akbar and Patta also died. The death of their
leaders disheartened the people. Finally Akbar stormed the fort of Chittor.
With the fall of Chittor, the other Rajputs who avoided the alliance with
Akbar submitted to him. In 1569, Rai Sarjana Hara of Ranthambhor, Raja Ramchand,
chief of Kalinjar in Bundelkhand surrendered. In 1570 the rulers of Bikaner and
Jaisalmer submitted and also gave their daughters in marriage. Though the
Mughals had captured Chittor, the capital of Mewar, in 1568, the larger part of
the kingdom of Mewar was still held by Maharana Udai Singh. However Udai Singh
maintained his independence though he lost his capital. The coronation of his
brave and heroic son Rana Pratap Singh (Maharana Pratap) took place on 3rd of
March 1572 amidst depressive circumstances. Against such odds as the limited
resources, discontented kinmen and the hostile attitude of his brother Shakti
Singh, Maharana Pratap decided to stand upto Akbar.
